Swami Tapasyananda, the author of this article, was an erudite Indian sanyasi scholar and vice-president of the Ramakrishna Order from 1985 to 1991. He wrote the article when he was president of the Ramakrishna Math in Mylapore, Madras, in 1989. A … Continue reading
࿕ 2010 ࿕ New Edition of Saint Thomas in India ࿕
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Judas Didymus Thomas the Apostle of the East
Did Christianity arrive in India before Europe?
India's leaders are fond of telling their minority constituency that Christianity had arrived in India before it arrived in Europe. This historical conceit is not true of course. Apostle Paul says in Romans 15:24 & 15:28 that he plans to visit Spain. In Acts 19:21 he travels from Ephesus to Greece—Macedonia and Achaia—en route to Jerusalem and then Rome. This took place in the 40s CE: some historians say he was writing after 44 CE. So even if Apostle Thomas had arrived in Kerala by 52 CE—the spurious date is of 19th century origin only—Christianity would still have arrived in Europe a decade earlier.Knai Thoma or Thomas of Cana aka The Merchant
Bishop Joseph of Edessa
Who are the “St. Thomas” Christians of India?
Thomas of Cana or Knai Thoma led the first group of 72 Syrian Christian families to India in AD 345. There is no record of Christian communities in India prior to this date. Thomas of Cana and his companion Bishop Joseph of Edessa also brought with them the tradition of St. Thomas the Apostle of the East. Later, Christian communities in Kerala would identify Knai Thoma with Mar Thoma - Thomas of Cana with Thomas the Apostle - and claim St. Thomas had arrived in Kerala in AD 52 and established the first Christian church at Musiris - ancient port near present day Kodungallur - the main trading port of the time.
The Rev. Dr. G. Milne Rae of the Madras Christian College, in The Syrian Church in India, did not allow that St. Thomas came further east than Afghanistan. He told the Syrian Christians that they reasoned fallaciously about their identity and wove a fictitious story of their origin. Their claim that they were called "St. Thomas" Christians from the 1st century was also false.
Syrian Christians were called Nasranis (from Nazarean) or Nestorians (by Europeans) up to the 14th century. Bishop Giovanni dei Marignolli the Franciscan papal legate in Quilon invented the appellation "St. Thomas Christians" in 1348 to distinguish his Syrian Christian converts from the low-caste Hindu converts in his congregation. - IS
San Tomasso Cathedral Basilica, Ortona, Italy
The real tomb of Saint Thomas at Ortona, Italy
The bones of Thomas the Apostle at Ortona, Italy
San Thome Cathedral, Mylapore, Madras, India
First St. Thomas Church
San Thome Cathedral, Mylapore, Madras, was built in 1893 by the Portuguese. The first St. Thomas church to appear on the Mylapore beach was built in 1523 by Augustinian friars against the ancient Kapaleeswara Temple wall. The Christian tactic of encroaching on Hindu buildings and holy sites and then taking them over continues in Tamil Nadu till today.Hate-Mongering Tableau in the fake St. Thomas tomb at San Thome Cathedral
Idol on the empty tomb in San Thome Cathedral
Portuguese church on St. Thomas Mount replaced an ancient Shiva temple
Ancient Port of Muciri / Muziris on a Roman map
“India” was a synonym for all Asia in ancient times
The oriental ubiquity of St. Thomas's apostolate is explained by the fact that the geographical term "India" included, apart from the subcontinent of this name, the lands washed by the Indian Ocean as far as the China Sea in the east and the Arabian peninsula, Ethiopia, and the African coast in the west.
Ancient writers used the designation "India" for all countries south and east of the Roman Empire's frontiers. India included Ethiopia, Arabia Felix, Edessa in Syria (in the Latin version of the Syriac Diatessaron), Arachosia and Gandhara (Afghanistan and Pakistan), and many countries up to the China Sea.
In the Acts of Thomas, the original key text to identify St. Thomas with India (which all other India references follow), historians agree that the term India refers to Parthia (Persia) and Gandhara (Pakistan). The city of Andrapolis named in the Acts, where Judas Thomas and Abbanes landed in India, has been identified as Sandaruck (one of the ancient Alexandrias) in Baluchistan.
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